Q01. Who among the following was called by Gandhiji as his Rajya Guru in May, 1915?
A Bal Gangadhar Tilak
B Gopal Krishna Gokhale
C G.G. Agarkar
D Dadabhai Naoroji
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Correct answer: Gopal Krishna Gokhale
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
Q02. With reference to the Swadeshi Movement, consider the following statements: 1) The Swadeshi Movement had its genesis in the Anti-Partition movement, which was started to oppose the British decision to partition Bengal. 2) Aurobindo Ghosh was in favour of extending the movement to the rest of India and carrying it beyond the programme of just Swadeshi and Boycott to a full-fledged political mass struggle. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A 1 only
B 2 only
C Both 1 and 2
D Neither 1 nor 2
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Correct answer: Both 1 and 2
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Both 1 and 2.
Q03. With reference to the Junagadh inscription of Rudradaman, consider the following statements: 1) The script of this inscription is Kharosthi and the language is Prakrit. 2) The inscription records the restoration of a reservoir called Sudarshana Lake. 3) It is an undated inscription. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A 1 only
B 2 only
C 1 and 2 only
D 1, 2 and 3
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Correct answer: 2 only
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is 2 only.
Q04. The Bower Manuscript is known for being a valuable source on which one of the following subjects in ancient India?
A Medicine
B Mathematics
C Astronomy
D Chemistry
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Correct answer: Medicine
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Medicine.
Q05. Who among the following was the only Indian member to be present when the Vernacular Press Bill came up before the Legislative Council?
A Jotendra Mohan Tagore
B Peary Mohan Mukherjea
C Dinshaw Petit
D Dadabhai Naoroji
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Correct answer: Jotendra Mohan Tagore
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Jotendra Mohan Tagore.
Q06. With reference to the Ranigumpha Cave (Odisha), consider the following statements: 1) Ranigumpha Cave is plain and contains no murals or sculptures. 2) Ranigumpha Cave is two-storeyed. 3) Ranigumpha Cave consists of an oval courtyard. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A 1 only
B 2 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
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Correct answer: 2 only
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is 2 only.
Q07. The Mesolithic site of Bagor is one of the most well-documented sites. It is located in:
A Rajasthan
B Madhya Pradesh
C Haryana
D Punjab
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Correct answer: Rajasthan
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Rajasthan.
Q08. Extensive pit-dwellings have been identified at the two Neolithic sites of:
A Piklihal and Maski
B Chirand and Tekkalkota
C Kodekal and Hallur
D Burzahom and Gufkral
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Correct answer: Burzahom and Gufkral
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Burzahom and Gufkral.
Q09. The Chalcolithic Ahar Culture has been identified in which of the following river systems?
A Sarayu and Ganga river systems
B Krishna and Tungabhadra river systems
C Banas and Berach river systems
D Brahmaputra and Meghna river systems
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Correct answer: Banas and Berach river systems
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Banas and Berach river systems.
Q10. Which one of the following is a Neolithic site?
A Bhimbetka
B Utnur
C Adamgarh
D Birbhanpur
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Correct answer: Utnur
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Utnur.
Q11. During the period 100 BCE–200 CE, valuable evidence of India's maritime trade links has been identified from which of the following sites on the Coromandel Coast?
A Arikamedu
B Tamralipti
C Bharukachcha
D Muchiri
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Correct answer: Arikamedu
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Arikamedu.
Q12. Consider the following statements about the Gupta administrative system: 1) The Gupta kings assumed imperial titles such as Maharajadhiraja, Parama-bhattaraka and Parameshvara. The Gupta kings also connected themselves with the Gods through epithets such as Parama-daivata and Parama-bhagavata. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A 1 only
B 2 only
C Both 1 and 2
D Neither 1 nor 2
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Correct answer: Both 1 and 2
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Both 1 and 2.
Q13. Who was the author of the book of travels, called Rihla, written in Arabic, providing extremely rich and interesting details about India?
A Al-Biruni
B Ibn Battuta
C François Bernier
D Nizamuddin Ahmad
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Correct answer: Ibn Battuta
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Ibn Battuta.
Q14. The twelfth century witnessed the emergence of a new movement in Karnataka, led by Basavanna (1106–68 CE) who was a minister in the court of a Kalachuri ruler. His followers were known as:
A Virashaivas
B Pushtimargis
C Avadhoots
D Nathpanthis
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Correct answer: Virashaivas
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Virashaivas.
Q15. With reference to the Industrial Revolution, consider the following statements: 1) The Industrial Revolution saw the replacement of handicrafts by power-driven machinery. 2) The industrialised countries became dependent upon other countries for the supply of raw materials necessary for their industries. 3) Large-scale production started with the help of machinery in factories. Which of the statements given above are correct?
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
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Correct answer: 1, 2 and 3
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.
Q16. With reference to the Indo-Roman trade in ancient India, the term aurei refers to:
A Perfume
B Wine
C Black Pepper
D Coins
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Correct answer: Coins
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is Coins.
Q17. Which of the following factors was/were responsible for the rise of Magadha as the most powerful Mahajanapada during the 6th century BCE? 1) Region of productive agriculture 2) Accessibility to iron-mines 3) Availability of elephants in the region Select the answer using the codes given below:
A 1 only
B 1 and 2 only
C 2 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
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Correct answer: 1, 2 and 3
Concept note UPSC CDS 2026 source PDF: correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.
Q18. Which one among the following motifs does not appear on Harappan seals?
A Humped Bull
B Elephant
C Lion
D Crocodile
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Correct answer: Lion
Concept note UPSC CDS 2025 source PDF: correct answer is Lion.
Q19. Which of the following is one of the 'three gems' (triratna) of Jainism?
A Brahmacharya
B Samyag-darshana
C Sunrita
D Asteya
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Correct answer: Samyag-darshana
Concept note UPSC CDS 2025 source PDF: correct answer is Samyag-darshana.
Q20. Which one among the following is the earliest text?
A Natyashastra of Bharata
B Sushruta Samhita
C Ashtadhyayi
D Manusmriti
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Correct answer: Ashtadhyayi
Concept note UPSC CDS 2025 source PDF: correct answer is Ashtadhyayi.